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NANOTECHNOLOGY
Nanotechnology is a relatively recent branch of science concerned with controlling the properties of materials by working on the scale of a few nanometres, or a size of a few atoms. The most important aspect of nanotechnology is that it is a 'bottom up' technology. This means that instead of taking our usual 'top down' approach, we work in a way that is closer to the method nature uses for creating materials.
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INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
Industrial Biotechnology (also known as White Biotechnology) is an extremely interdisciplinary field that has its roots in the 19th century. Most generally, IB is the application of biotechnology for industrial purposes, including manufacturing, alternative energy (or "bioenergy"), and biomaterials . A significant aspect of industrial biotechnology is the use of biomass (or "renewable feedstock") in the manufacture of end products thereby avoiding the use of fossil resources.
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REGENERATIVE MEDICINE
Regenerative medicine is a broad definition for innovative medical therapies that will enable the body to repair, replace, restore and regenerate damaged or diseased cells, tissues and organs. Scientists worldwide are engaged in research activities that may enable repair of damaged heart muscle after a heart attack, replacement of skin for burn victims, restoration of movement after spinal cord injury and regeneration of pancreatic tissue to produce insulin for people with diabetes. Regenerative medicine promises to extend healthy life spans and improve the quality of life by supporting and activating the body's natural healing.